2 . ), He was beheaded (he travelled to James IV in Scotland). endstream endobj Your matched tutor provides personalized help according to your question details. IPS Henry VII had been lucky that domestic politics and international politics had coincided to propel him to the throne none of the pretenders ever managed to put together those factors in a timely combination. stream endobj John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln, was the appointed heir to Richard III after Richards son, Edward, Prince of Wales, died. However, this is not necessarily so, for two reasons. It was due to Henry VII raising taxes to fund the war against the Scots. He negotiated a marriage between James IV, who felt it the right time to start getting along with England, and his daughter princess Margaret! /Height 444 1 0 obj There was no other distraction at the time, so all eyes were on the difficulties in England. Henry VII (r. 1485-1509) Henry VII was the founder of the Tudor dynasty, unifying the warring factions in the Wars of the Roses. How many troupes had Henry managed to gather? Simnels entourage had been too preoccupied with gathering troops and support abroad that they had not given enough thought to the people of England and how they would react. Because of the lessons learnt from Simnels escapades, Warbeck hardly comes close to a successful rebellion, and was at a major disadvantage, being the second to try and over throw the throne. What did he do in late 1487 in an attempt to try and appease Yorkists? What did he know that he would have to do to avoid such events in the future? Many factors contributed to their successes and failures, these factors will be discussed in this essay. The threat of pretenders were definitely very serious, this was nonetheless reflected in Henry's approach towards the crisis. Again, though, the strength of Henrysposition prevailed. and the rebellions conspirators, traitors and pretenders of his youth were to contribute to the prince's sense of insecurity in later life. Furthermore, he had received early recognition of his right to rule bythe pope, who issued a bull warning those who refuted the legitimacy of Henry VIIs claim that they would beexcommunicated.On the surface, this does not seem to square with the fact that in 1487 Henry was obliged to fight a pitched battleat Stoke, with all of its obvious attendant risks, in what looks like a Bosworth mark II, in order to keep his throne.Indeed, Professor Loades argues in Politics and the Nation that Henrys victory was by no means a foregoneconclusion, stating that there had been an ominous reluctance to join the royal standard, and even on the fielditself a part of the army held back as though unwilling to be committed. history tudors a2 Flashcards by prisca munzemba, updated more than 1 year ago 6 0 0 Remove ads Resource summary Show full summary Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Get Revising is one of the trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. >> On 24 May 1487, in Dublin Cathedral, the Earl of Kildare crowned Lambert Simnel Edward VI, using a circlet of gold from a statue of the Virgin Mary. Changed the rules to make it impossible to claim sanctuary in times of treason. What happened to Symonds after the Battle of Stoke Field (1487)? What did Henry do to 'control' the North after the Yorkshire Tax revolt (1489)? The Tudors 1485-1603 The Tudors: Henry VII - Pretenders and Rebellions - Episode 6 I'm Stuck - GCSE and A-Level Revision 31.4K subscribers Subscribe 26K views 4 years ago In this video, we look. Modern England The Great Rebuildings Of Tudor And Stuart England Henry VII and the Tudor Pretenders A Genealogical and . Support at home was one of the most important factors for a successful pretender, and it seems to be the one thing in which both Warbeck and Simnel failed miserably. Play a game and discuss about it. /Width 16 facing pretenders and those with as good or better claims . Henry VII was one of the first European monarchs to recognise the importance of the newly united Spanish Kingdom, and arranged his son Arthur's marriage to Catherine of Aragon in 1501- a marriage alliance that would enhance the power and recognition of the Tudor dynasty. During his twenty-four year reign Henry VII faced a high number of threats and rebellions, ranging from the popular rebellions that voiced complaints about his taxation policies, to the Yorkist plots that were intent on dethroning him and ending the Tudor name. He lacked the military resources to help him out properly. /Height 16 Richard III's army of around 9,000 men outnumbered the Tudor. During 1487, John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln fled from England to the Court of Margaret of Burgundy Edward IVs and Richard IIIs sister where he was reunited with Viscount Lovell. In the form of overseas support, Lambert Simnel got support from Ireland, who would try most things to upset England, in particular, the Earl of Kildaire, who was known to be a strong Yorkist supporter. There is a 3 hour-long battle, but in the ends Henry wins. 14 richly decorated horses pulled carts laden with armour and plate while 14 wagons carried sections of a prefabricated house which would be the King's residence in the field. However, he only got limited support from the Irish lords, and none at all from the Earl of Kildiare, a very influential figure. Amin has amassed a wealth of detail about these rebellions an interesting discovery for me was the response of the city of York to the Lambert Simnel impersonation of Edward, Earl of Warwick. Listen to one (1) composition (i.e., for a symphony) by Beethoven, a transitional figure between classical and romantic mu 1 st Paragraph: Executive Summary of Your Selected Article. Francis Vicount Lovell, Humphery & Thomas Stafford Why did they rebel? From fighting for the throne at Bosworthin 1485, to defeating the various rebellionsand pretenders, Henry was able to establish the Tudors as the legitimate dynasty on the English throne. First, those seeking the throne needed to be credible and viable alternatives to him. To my knowledge, this is the first book that focuses on the three most dangerous attempts to unseat Henry VIIs reign, beginning with the Simnel affair, progressing through the long Warbeck troubles and culminating in the execution of Warbeck and Warwick in 1499. /Length 13 0 R ( ( ( ( mHZ+[xSN#{9IS_og5#:# NBM]O$W> cg{[VO/M~?n R_. However compelling is the case of Ian Arthurson that the Cornish Rebellion What was he forced to do in 1492 after Henry sent a small army to Ireland for his retrieval? The terms included Maximilian handing over Suffolk (as long as Henry kept him alive, which he did), In what battle did the last proper claimant to the throne, Richard de la Pole, die in? One of the most compelling stories here on Earth is the love of a mother to her child. /Filter /DCTDecode Ultimately, of course, it does not really matter who the boy was, in that he could not command sufficient support to overthrow Henry VII, which is part of the core argument of the book that rebellions were not just national affairs. He gave Warbeck his cousin to marry, which meant he was legitimately part of the Scottish royal family, and an even more serious threat to Henry. stream He was annoyed at the Anglo-French agreement made within Etaples. /CreationDate (D:20150723140135Z) Both pretenders not only attracted support nationally but were able to receive foreign support from Scotland and Burgundy through Margaret of Burgundy. What sort of welcome did he receive in Scotland? MultiFactor Authentication Vain, foolish, and incompetent, he was used by Henry's Yorkist enemies in England and on the European continent in an unsuccessful plot to threaten the new Tudor dynasty. However this is ignored, so he produces the real Earl of Warwick from the tower and paraded him around London, but still they did not end. /Type /XObject The . This was serious as they were obviously not just foolish spoofs, and both pretenders had very plausible claims to the throne in many peoples eyes. In fact, to increase the likelihood that they were who they said, both pretenders ended up masquerading as individuals that they didnt look like. Henry was able to unmask the pretender as an imposter, and the rebellion foundered. What was the primary reason for the Yorkshire rebellion? Stemmed from support leftover for Richard III as Francis, Viscount Lovell was a key supporter, joining with Humphrey Stafford (+ his accomplice Thomas Stafford) where did it occur. How many men were in the army Henry used against the Cornish in 1497? Jez Ross argues that Henry VII was more secure than he realised. His main Irish benefactor was the Earl of Desmond, but this is still very limited. As a result of the work of these agents (and the fact that Warbeck was apolitical pawn with a desultory claim to be the younger of the princes in the Tower), when Warbeck attempted hislanding at Deal in Kent in July 1495, in an expedition supported by Margaret of Burgundy and Maximilian ofHabsburg, the duke of Burgundy, he was beaten off by local levies. Personal and political motives are interleaved. Richard Duke of York (younger prince in the tower). [/Pattern /DeviceRGB] Throughout the book, Amin is careful to look at more than one side of any argument, contemplating the personal as well as the political, and not immediately reaching for the cynical interpretations that historians are prone to make. historytoday.com http://www.historytoday.com/jez-ross/henry-vii-pretenders-and-rebellionsHenry VII, Pretenders and RebellionsKing Henry VII holding a Tudor Rose, wearing collar of theOrder of the Golden Fleece, dated 1505, by unknownartist,Henry VII was never in serious danger of losing his throneto either a rebellion or a conspiracy. Goal: To assess own leadership skills. Simnel was more easily dispatched than the next pretender, known to history as Perkin Warbeck although, just possibly, Richard, Duke of York, younger of Edward IVs missing sons. How did the Treaty of Windsor (1506) successfully end the threat of The Earl of Suffolk (de la Pole)? However, many people believed the two sons of Edward IV to be dead, but here were still many rumours surrounding the whereabouts of the Earl of Warwick, so Symmons decided it would be more advantageous for Simnel to impersonate him. I am a daughter of York, and this once, I look not to past glories and grievances, but to the future: my future, who is sleeping soundly by my side as morning wrestles London from night's grip. . There were also difficulties with traitors in the nobility, but improved spy networks meant this problem was not as serious as before. Richard of York, the younger prince in the tower, Because he couldn't parade the real Richard presumably because he was already dead at the hands of Richard III, Yes, he couldn't get the critical acclaim that had been given to Simnel in 1487. In the case of Lambert Simnel, Henrys reactions are fairly reasonable. What was Northumberlands fate after a scuffle broke out? Of these, the most serious problem hadbeen Margaret of Burgundy. Henry VII - Rebellions And Pretenders Flashcards | Chegg.com Henry VII - Rebellions And Pretenders. Rebellions and pretenders Henry VII. ), Cornish Tax Revolt (James IV had accepted Truce of Acton, Treaty of Etaples bans French support, and Earl of Poynings (Tudor loyalist) was now Deputy of Ireland), When is Warbeck finally executed? On 22 August 1485, Henry Tudor emerged from the Battle of Bosworth victorious, his disparate army vanquishing the forces of Richard III. Often cybersecurity professionals forget the easiest way to access a system is through the front door and not using a comp Often cybersecurity professionals forget the easiest way to access a system is through the front door and not using a computer from 100 miles away. /BitsPerComponent 8 This made his threat to the throne far more serious as he had recognition all over Europe, and also from Scotland. Like this book? In addition, even if Richard were dead, this would aid Warbeck, as Henry could not show him to the public. /Title ( H e n r y V I I , P r e t e n d e r s a n d R e b e l l i o n s) Contrary to what might have been expected, given that York is often supposed to have been especially devoted to Richard III and might have been thought likely to support a supposed scion of his family, the city did not waiver in its support for Henry VII and Amin has the detailed records of the city to prove this. A particularly interesting section is Amins exploration of the execution of Sir William Stanley brother of the kings stepfather, and instrumental in the victory at Bosworth, yet executed for indicating that he would support Warbeck, if he proved to be Richard of York. %PDF-1.4 /AIS false Whilst Henry VII is usually painted as cautious, calculating, always weighing up the pros and cons of any decision, Amin reveals him to have been him energetic, proactive, quick to jump on any threat. Are you in need of an additional source of income? 2. The Earl of Oxford made a charge at Richard's right flank and defeated the Duke of Norfolk. Humphrey Stafford was executed and younger brother was pardoned. Even though the points made beforehand show whether the pretenders were a serious threat to the throne or not, the general situation at the time also needs to be considered, whether Henry over-reacted, or if there was a true danger. Lovell would start a popular rebellion in Yorkshire, and the Staffords the same in the Midlands, Key Richard supporter, fought against Henry at Battle of Bosworth. However, St Thomas University Nursing Leadership Paper. King A Song of Sixpence: The Story of Elizabeth of York and Perkin Warbeck Tudor Roses Henry VII and the Tudor Pretenders Henry VII Margaret of York A Short History of the Wars of the Roses Elizabeth of York Medieval York The Women of the Wars of the Roses Lancaster And York Princess of Thorns Jan 03 2021 1483, Westminster. Why was the defence of Brittany, against the French, important to Henry? 1. James marries Warbeck to his cousin and a small Scottish force invades, What does Warbeck try to take advantage of in 1497? They had planned to march peacefully to London and present their grievances to the King. Richard Duke of York (the younger prince in the tower). >> Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Yet this does not prove that Henry wasweak and vulnerable. Then when he was forced to leave Scotland, Warbeck made for Cornwall, as a last hope as there were often rebellions there, and had been one recently. You are to pick a strategy and apply it to a specific company and answer the q Saint Leo University Sentencing Guidelines Corrections Issues and Trends Discussion. Why had Cornwall preciously been exempt from taxes for a war in Scotland? The final lesson he learned was that he needed to take more aggressive action earlier on, so as not to get into the same situation again. However, this rebellion had taken place due to the Cornish resenting being taxed for a war against Scotland, which was on Warbecks behalf, and he managed to only get a few thousand countrymen. Edward was later succeeded by his brother, Richard III, in 1483. This saw the last of the pretenders, and from this point onwards Henry ruled in relative security. What was the plan of the Lovell Rebellion (1486)? C ," He escaped to Burgundy, where he was protected by Margaret of Burgundy. During the Wars of the Roses therehad been a declining interest from the nobility and leading gentry in engaging in factional conflict and struggles forthe crown: the risk of backing the wrong side meant that there was too much to lose. Our best tutors earn over $7,500 each month! /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB The Yorkist army landed in a distant spot in Lancashire and began their march through the country looking for local support. Sir Robert Clifford hinted that Sir William Stanley (a member of Henry's family responsible for his victory at Bosworth) may have been communicating with Warbeck. nothing more than to satisfy the dubious interests of their backers: they were certainly not the means by whicherstwhile enemies could be reconciled and a regicidal usurper could be ousted.Henry VIIs PopularityThe first Tudor monarch was never sufficiently weak or unpopular to support the view that he was vulnerable tobeing overthrown. (where did Warbeck go following this? This case study presents various HRM concepts ranging from its performance model to management dynamics. Create an action plan to address self-assessment capitalizing on strengths and addressing opportunities for improvement. Apply to become a tutor on Studypool! Richard III's nephew, the cousin of the princes in the tower. It may, indeed, be Northumberland to whom Professor Loades was referring whenhe wrote of an ominous reluctance to join the royal standard since, according to Susan Brigden, The earl ofNorthumberland, with the largest private army in England, moved, not south to aid the King, but north. Henry had survived the first major rebellion against his throne. Henry VII had been lucky that domestic politics and international politics had coincided to propel him to the throne - none of the pretenders ever managed to put together those factors in a timely combination. Hence Henrys political importance transcended theweakness of his claim. Who were the key figures involved in the Simnel Rebellion? He uses the detail to show how Henry had learnt from mistakes made by his predecessors during the Wars of the Roses, for example taking his army north to minimise the length of time the Simnel invaders had to gather support, contrasting this with what Amin contends was an error on the part of Richard III allowing Henry to penetrate deeply into the realm before Bosworth. Beginning with her grandfather, King Henry VII, and the pretenders' rebellions of Lambert Simnel and Perkins Warbeck, we see how important it was to take action against those who threatened to overthrow the Tudors before they even began their rule in earnest. Lambert Simnels rebellion was generally confined to Britain, so there was not a great worry for Henry that the rest of Europe would become involved. The abdication of Henry IV in favour of Henry V from the Cronichle of Ekkehard von Aura.The situation in the Empire remained chaotic, worsened by the further excommunication against Henry launched by the new pope Paschal II, a follower of Gregory VII's reformation ideals elected in the August of 1099. Indeed,it had been Lincolns betrayal that made him more vigilant and led to the creation of a network of agents who wereable to protect him from conspiracies. These ulterior motives made Simnel a far more serious threat to the throne. /Type /XObject Henry VIII (28 June 1491 - 28 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. . Appointed the leader of his army, Earl of Surrey, as 'Lieutenant of the Council of the North'. Lincoln, Lovell and Simnel also sought assistance in Ireland. In this, his third book, Amin has hit his stride as a writer. Simnel was also given troops to help him when he invaded England. Firewall What Is The Economists viewpoint? While it is safe to believe that Henry VII did not face any other major threats in his reign, there were other minor ones that occupied his mind and skills up to 1506 - 21 years after . VPN (Why? 6) DMZ If the public believed he was a serious contender for the throne, then Henry would have to take notice, but if the public believed he was dead, and was therefore a pretender, there would be no chance in him overthrowing the throne. Buy Online AccessBuy Print & Archive Subscription. Our verified tutors can answer all questions, from basicmathto advanced rocket science! Given that he enjoyed overwhelming superiority in numbers (with an army at Stoke of12,000 men, a much larger force than assembled for Richard III at Bosworth) and that the forces arrayed againsthim included some 4,000 semi-naked wild Irish kerns wielding clubs, is it not more likely that only his vanguardwas engaged because he had no need to commit his other forces?Moreover, the key point, surely, is that he was never deserted or betrayed by those forces which had assembled tofight for him, as happened to Richard III in 1485 when Sir William Stanley joined Henry and Thomas Percy, earl ofNorthumberland, stood idly by. 3. The History Learning Site, 16 Mar 2015. Copyright Get Revising 2023 all rights reserved. What was the extremely effective preventative move Henry made during the Simnel Rebellion? 4 0 obj /Filter /FlateDecode This quotation shows how Henry VII was keen to stress the great successes that he had enjoyed throughout his reign. Of course, Henry VII did face a serious rebellion in 1497. Henry had an unexpected trump card in his hand with which to defeat Simnel. Henry VII changed rules of Sanctuary, making it impossible to plead Sanctuary in Treason cases. Where did they fail to enter in Spetember 1497 due to lack of menace? On the other hand . Less than half the price of our monthly plan. /Producer ( Q t 4 . Firstly, his financial muscle was enough to keep Maximilians successor on his side (forexample in 1505 he gave a loan of 138,000 to Philip). Why was the battle of stoke such a dangerous concept? A royal one, James IV recognised him as the prince and even provided him with a Royal wife, lady Catherine Gordan, Try to invade England again through the Scottish border, Nope, he failed to gather support from the English. Why was this event significant for the Yorkists? However, this did not necessarily make him vulnerable, even in theearly years of his reign. 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